Hello, World
我会以 "Hello, World" 为实例做开始,编写基本的 NuSOAP 客户端和服务器端的代码。
我们先从服务器端开始,应为没有服务器端,有客户端也是没有意义的。我们将编写一个带有单个参数并返回一个字符串,名叫 Hello 的 SOAP 方法,希望代码中的注释能够提供有效的说明。
<?php
// Pull in the NuSOAP code
require_once('nusoap.php');
// Create the server instance
$server = new soap_server;
// Register the method to expose
$server->register('hello');
// Define the method as a PHP function
function hello($name) {
return 'Hello, ' . $name;
}
// Use the request to (try to) invoke the service
$HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA = isset($HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA) ? $HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA : '';
$server->service($HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA);
?><?php
// Pull in the NuSOAP code
require_once('nusoap.php');
// Create the client instance
$client = new soapclient('http://localhost/phphack/helloworld.php');
// Call the SOAP method
$result = $client->call('hello', array('name' => 'Scott'));
// Display the result
print_r($result);
?>编程时,当有问题出现的时候你都需要调试。NuSOAP 提供了一组工具来帮助你做这个工作。NuSOAP 调试的时候需要查看的信息是发送的请求信息和返回的相应信息。NuSOAP 的客户端类允许你通过它的两个成员来查看这些信息。例如,这里是显示请求和响应的 helloworldclient.php 的修改版。在下一部分我会回顾显示在客户端代码的请求和响应信息。
<?php
// Pull in the NuSOAP code
require_once('nusoap.php');
// Create the client instance
$client = new soapclient('http://localhost/phphack/helloworld.php');
// Call the SOAP method
$result = $client->call('hello', array('name' => 'Scott'));
// Display the result
print_r($result);
// Display the request and response
echo '<h2>Request</h2>';
echo '<pre>' . htmlspecialchars($client->request, ENT_QUOTES) . '</pre>';
echo '<h2>Response</h2>';
echo '<pre>' . htmlspecialchars($client->response, ENT_QUOTES) . '</pre>';
?>// Display the debug messages
echo '<h2>Debug</h2>';
echo '<pre>' . htmlspecialchars($client->debug_str, ENT_QUOTES) . '</pre>';<?php
// Pull in the NuSOAP code
require_once('nusoap.php');
// Enable debugging *before* creating server instance
$debug = 1;
// Create the server instance
$server = new soap_server;
// Register the method to expose
$server->register('hello');
// Define the method as a PHP function
function hello($name) {
return 'Hello, ' . $name;
}
// Use the request to (try to) invoke the service
$HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA = isset($HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA) ? $HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA : '';
$server->service($HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA);
?><?php
// Pull in the NuSOAP code
require_once('nusoap.php');
// Create the client instance
$client = new soapclient('http://localhost/phphack/helloworld.php');
// Check for an error
$err = $client->getError();
if ($err) {
// Display the error
echo '<p><b>Constructor error: ' . $err . '</b></p>';
// At this point, you know the call that follows will fail
}
// Call the SOAP method
$result = $client->call('hello', array('name' => 'Scott'));
// Check for a fault
if ($client->fault) {
echo '<p><b>Fault: ';
print_r($result);
echo '</b></p>';
} else {
// Check for errors
$err = $client->getError();
if ($err) {
// Display the error
echo '<p><b>Error: ' . $err . '</b></p>';
} else {
// Display the result
print_r($result);
}
}
?>Request and Response
我在上面的例子中已经展示了显示 SOAP 的请求和响应信息是如此的容易,在这里 hello2client.php 的请求信息:
POST /phphack/helloworld2.php HTTP/1.0
Host: localhost
User-Agent: NuSOAP/0.6.8 (1.81)
Content-Type: text/xml; charset=ISO-8859-1
SOAPAction: ""
Content-Length: 538
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<SOAP-ENV:Envelope
SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"
xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:SOAP-ENC="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"
xmlns:si="http://soapinterop.org/xsd">
<SOAP-ENV:Body>
<ns1:hello xmlns:ns1="http://testuri.org">
<name xsi:type="xsd:string">Scott</name>
</ns1:hello>
</SOAP-ENV:Body>
</SOAP-ENV:Envelope>
在 XML payload,你可以看到 NuSOAP 使用和Latin-1一样著名的 ISO-8859-1 做为编码,为了指定不同的编码,你可以在客户端 soapclient 的实例设置 soap_defencoding 属性。使用指定的编码来编码参数的数据当然就是程序员的责任。幸运地,在 SOAP 里PHP提供了很多函数来编码和解码最通用的编码数据,如 UTF-8。
另一件事情要注意的是,元素指定要调用的方法,名称为 hello 的元素被放在 http://tempuri.org的域名下,指定真实的域名是最佳的实践,对于很多 services 也是很有必要的。这里展示了一个未来的文档:
SOAP 服务的响应像以下:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: Microsoft-IIS/5.0
Date: Wed, 03 Nov 2004 21:32:34 GMT
X-Powered-By: ASP.NET
X-Powered-By: PHP/4.3.4
Server: NuSOAP Server v0.6.8
X-SOAP-Server: NuSOAP/0.6.8 (1.81)
Content-Type: text/xml; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Length: 556
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<SOAP-ENV:Envelope
SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"
xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:SOAP-ENC="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"
xmlns:si="http://soapinterop.org/xsd">
<SOAP-ENV:Body>
<ns1:helloResponse xmlns:ns1="http://tempuri.org">
<return xsi:type="xsd:string">Hello, Scott</return>
</helloResponse>
</SOAP-ENV:Body>
</SOAP-ENV:Envelope>

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